After the death of his twin brother, Dante (Luis Machín) starts to become fearful of death, unable to deal with the thought of it, which comes up quite often, seeing as how his wife Beatriz (Julieta Cardinali) also dies. That’s when he starts having hallucinations and starts to experience multiple versions of himself. As Dante is a tailor, there are a lot of mannequins as well, which allows this to be painted with the yellow tones of a giallo brush, helped by the masked and gloved killer who keeps murdering everyone around our protagonist.

Director and writer Daniel de la Vega has nearly too many ideas here with multiple duplicates and even time travel and scenes we’ve seen before repeated later and then shown how they impact the film. Sometimes when you shoot for the moon, you explode on the launchpad.

The good parts: the visuals look great, the Claudio Simonetti score helps and the 3D technique is more about depth than throwing things at you. It’s also nice to see a good budget for a horror film from Argentina.

The bad: Near the end — massive spoiler — Dante must choose between sawing off his own hand to escape or dying. He chooses to hack himself to bits except, you know, he’s in a wood chair. I’m all for giallo asking a lot and making you make narrative leaps, but sometimes, a bridge can be too far. Also: Dante has necrophobia, a fear of being around dead bodies. Isn’t nearly everyone?

I read a great article, “A Genealogy of Italian Popular Cinema: the Filone,” on Offscreen in which Donato Totaro explained that the filone is not easily categorized. We can see the term to mean not just a genre, but if you will, a body of water that flows into other streams. To quote the article, “…the filone is more flexible than genre or subgenre, taking in the idea of cycles, trends, currents, and traditions.”

It also breaks down the main years of the Giallo as 1962-1982 and the Poliziottesco as 1968-1978. Of course, movies in these filone were made after — if not before — and there are different versions of both.

This is all to explain that 1973’s Long Lasting Days fits into the time periods of both of the above genre and can have a little of both, a combo plate, if you will.

Black Serenade sits at the center of what is a slasher and what is giallo. It’s also the name of the masked killer in this film, who has embraced the legend of the Black Tuno, a monstrous being that punishes the stupid. Whoever they are, they have taken that even further and are killing students that cheat or don’t belong in some of Spain’s most well-known colleges.

Thanks to the Villains wiki, I learned that the Tuna is a Spanish fraternity that started when poor students couldn’t afford an education. To get in, they sang and played songs, which made them famous. Soon, rich students who could afford to get in were joining just to be popular and were taking money from people who really deserved it. The Black Tunos killed every one of these false Tunos and as a result were hunted by the Spanish Inquisition. They escaped by creating a secret passageway at the University of Salamanca’s Chapel of Students.

Whoever this killer is, they look incredible, like a giallo villain designed by a Japanese manga artist. They also have a strict code of honor, respecting those they believe are as intelligent as they are, but being brutal to anyone they feel are mentally inferior.

Directed and written by Pedro L. Barbero and Vicente J. Martín, this feels like a Spanish cover of Urban Legend but I didn’t see that as a bad thing. Álex (Silke Hornillos), Trucha (Patxi Freytez), Edu (Jorge Sanz) and Michelle (Rebeca Cobos) are four students who are trying to learn who the killer — also known as the Dark Minstrel — could be and eventually getting threatening text messages from them. Meanwhile, as new murders happen one year after another series of killings, Detective Victor (Fele Martínez) takes on the case.

There are some wild scenes in here, like a drug dealing thinking his blood has become animated as the drugs kick in and he bleeds to death and a series of carvings that point to how the original Black Tuna escaped, symbols that start showing up everywhere the killer appears. There’s also a scene where a cop kills a whole bunch of people in similar costumes to the killer, proving that the giallo police in every country should be defunded and the way that Dr. Loomis wildly shot up Haddonfield have been studied by slasher police departments all over the world.

The Flowers of Vice is also known as Bloodbath and The Sky Is Falling. It reunited Dennis Hopper and Carroll Baker 18 years after Giant. He plays a drugged out of his mind painter and poet named Chicken and she’s a washed up alcoholic actress who people call Treasure who have both come to a small Spanish town. There’s also a retired British Air Corps captain called Terence (Richard Todd) and his constantly drunk wife Heather (Faith Brook) and a gay man who has seen it all, Allen (Wim Wells, the director’s long-time partner).

Filmed in Mojacar, Almeria, Spain — a small seaside village of Spaniards, British and American expatriates — this movie is filled with menace from the beginning. The town just seems strange, Hopper and his friends feel more dead than alive and there’s a group of hippies that may be gorgeous but who worship the killings of the Manson Family. It’s not like the village was any less strange what with all the animal sacrifices — this may as well be Italian — taking place on Easter weekend. Soon, the foreigners begin to die, one by one, killed by the young people who seemingly will replace them. Maybe, who can say, because this movie feels as if it doesn’t want to tell you any answers and I feel as if I am trying to explain it all by what I have written. It may destroy your patience but I am a huge Hopper and Baker fan, so I was excited to see a movie they did that for so long was impossible to get.

Directed by Silvio Narizzano (Die! Die! My Darling!) and written by Gonzalo Suárez, this ends with — spoiler warning — the villagers trampling a small boy to death. He was the son of Americans who lived in the village. They ran El Saloon and had grown close to the director and crew, so they got their son a role getting killed at the end of an art film.

You can get this as part of the Vinegar Syndrome Villages of the Damned set or watch it on Tubi.

Submission of a Woman was directed and written by Alessandro Lucidi, who directed two comedies, La maestra di sci and Il marito in vacanza but mostly was an editor. He’s the son of Maurizio Lucidi (It Can Be Done, Amigo; The Designated Victim).

Luisa (Daniela Poggi. The Gestapo’s Last Orgy) is an actress who wants to move past the sexual roles she keeps getting hired for and instead spend more time with her husband Giorgio (Gianluca Favilla) and their child Francesca. She’s also getting calls from someone (Paolo Lorimer) who has already killed one woman and has selected Luisa for his second victim. Then, the killer attacks, easily stopping her husband before she locks herself and her baby inside the home, a place where the man who wants her dead has already cut the phone line.

This movie starts by stealing the vampire beginning of Body Double and then has a theme song that songs like “Laura’s Theme” from Twin Peaks. But for some reason, I stuck with this and while rape revenge is one of my least favorite genres, this ends up being watchable. That’s more than you can say for a lot of gialli made in the 90s.

You can watch this on YouTube.

In the Name of the Father, the Son and the Colt is a much better title than the American one, The Masked Thief. It’s an Italian Western with giallo moments directed by one of my favorite scumbags Mario Bianchi using the name Frank Bronston.

Sheriff Bill Nolan (Craig Hill) is investigating a masked killer who kills with a long knife. When Toni Pickford (Agata Lys) survives being assaulted by a similar masked man and his gang of criminals, she remembers his face and claims that Bill is behind the crime. Years later, another man is killed by the gang and claims that it’s Bill. The truth? Nolan has an outlaw twin brother, Mace Casidy (also played by Craig Hill).

The giallo portions feel added at the last moment, like the POV opening and the masked killer. That said, the idea of a giallo knife maniac in the Italian West is a good one, as is the idea that people in town aren’t sure if they can trust the man who is the law any more. None of these thoughts really play out as this movie flies through 77 minutes of running time.

Bianchi would make another giallo-ish Western, Creeping Death, as well as a truly aberrant run of movies. Seriously, if you want to wallow in the darkest muck of Italian exploitation, seek out his movies like La bimba di Satana, Strip Nude for Your Killer, Nightmare In Venice and The Murder Secret before using the names Martin White, David Bird, Nicholas Moore and Tony Wanker in the adult world.

You can watch this on Tubi.

I’ve read two translations for this movie’s title, The Man In the Cat’s Eye and The Cat with a Man’s Face. Either one is great. It’s a 2009 short that has its bloody heart filled with all that is giallo along with a stated influence from David Lynch’s Lost Highway.

Directed and written by Marc Dray (who is also from France, which so much modern gialli like Blackaria and Knife+Heart have come from), I Gatto dal Viso D’uomo starts with a man named Octavien (Jean-Philippe Lafargue) stopping to pick up a female hitchhiker and from there on, everything is hard to define between what is real and what is inside his mind. There’s also a murderer by the name of Il Gatto (François Remigi) who is on the loose, breaking into the homes of lonely women and killing them.

Of course, you’ll spot how much Argento is all over this movie, as several of the murders take directly from The Bird With the Crystal Plumage and Deep Red. What I liked in this is that the film is more about the mind of the killer and less a police procedural. Also, Dray understands the language and form of the giallo and doesn’t feel like he’s either making a slavish remake of the past or an art project like Amer that goes nowhere.

You can get the soundtrack to this movie by Abberline here. It’s really wonderful.

Soft Hands or The Hands of a Single Woman is about Countess Eugenia Fabiani (Marina Hedman, La bimba di Satana) and her deserted cottages overlooking a series of cliffs in Southern Italy. English writer Tom MacLaglen (Vanni Materassi) has come there looking for inspiration. He is joined by his wife Sara (Bibi Cassanelli). They’ve reached what may be the end of their marriage after he forced her to have an abortion, which causes her to no longer allow him to touch her.

This allows Eugenia to pursue Sara, leaving behind her servant Fosca (Christiana Borghi) who finds herself in the bed of the husband as well as working up a lunatic and a blind man. This is not a good idea, as Dr. Oscar (Edoardo Spada) and his two nuns run a mental hospital. Of course, one night, five of the patients — lured on by the idea that all of these sexualized women are so close after watching them on the beach — escape and attack, taking Eugenia’s hands. These men may as well be out of a horror movie.

This is one weird film. Director and writer Nello Rossati may have never made a normal picture, as he also made the comedy zombie movie  Io Zombo, Tu Zombi, Lei Zomba; the 1972 giallo La gatta in calore; the seemingly post-apocalyptic western Django Strikes Again, a Napoleon film named Bona parte di Paolina; Ursula Andress slumming it in The Sensuous Nurse; the crime movie Don’t Touch the Children!; a female revenge movie by the name of  Fuga scabrosamente pericolosa and the delirious weirdness that is Top Line. He wasn’t going to let me down here, because this is at times comedy and other times outright horror.

The title of this movie translates as The two cats o’ nine tails… and a half in Amsterdam. As you can see, this references the names of two Argento movies, Four Flies On Grey Velvet and The Cat O’Nine Tails.

Investigative reporter Ciccio (Ciccio Ingrassia) and photographer Franco (Franco Franchi) are working in advertising when they get sent to Amsterdam to look into the murder of a diamond seller. They meet an organized crime player named Big Bon (Luigi Bonos) who is arrested as soon as their plane lands. However, he told them to find Thea (Elisabeth Sennfors), a model that he knows, who can help.

None of this has anything to do with Argento or giallo once you get past the murder mystery that sets up all of the unconnected comedy scenes and the title. Well, Luciano Pigozzi is in it as a killer, but otherwise unless you have a Letterboxd list of giallo films to add to, you can probably skip this.

Director and writer Osvaldo Civirani also made The Devil Has Seven Faces among many other films throughout his long career. The comedy duo of Franco and Ciccio also show up in another of his works, Two Sons of Trinity. Speaking of those guys, they were in several films directed by Lucio Fulci (including 002 Operazione Luna, Oh! Those Most Secret Agents!, The Two Parachutists, The Long, The Short, The Cat, How We Got into Trouble with the Army, How We Robbed the Bank of Italy and How We Stole the Atomic Bomb) and Mario Bava’s Dr. Goldfoot and the Girl Bombs.

The Terror With Cross-Eyes was directed by Steno, whose sons are Enrico and Carlo Vanzina, who together kicked off a new wave of giallo in the 1980s with Nothing Underneath. In this film — written by the director with Giulio Scarnicci and Raimondo Vianello — is about Mino (Enrico Montesano), Giacinto (Alighiero Noschese) and Mirella (Isabella Biagini) staging a murder to become famous. The problem is that when they arrive at Mirella’s apartment, there’s already the dead body of her roommate Margaretha (Maria Baxa).

As they watch the police take the body away, they run, only to be pursued by Commissario Pigna (Francis Blanche). Like good giallo protagonists, they decide to investigate the murder themselves and find that there are connections to organized crime. Anyone that has come close to Margaretha is also being killed by — as the title says — a man with crossed eyes.

Italian comedy is not usually comedy for foreigners. Consider this a crime comedy then with some small hints at giallo. This was lost for some time — and according to Mark David Welsh that may be because of a controversial Manson Family joke — but now it’s online and easier to watch. Sadly, it doesn’t have much to recommend, unless you — like me — are a giallo completist.

You can watch this on YouTube.